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{{Infobox monarch
| name = Mār-bīti-apla-uṣur
| title = [[List of kings of Babylon|King of Babylon]]
| image =
| caption =
| reign = 984–979 BC
| coronation =
| predecessor = [[Shirikti-shuqamuna|Širikti-šuqamuna]] Bīt-Bazi Dynasty
| successor = [[Nabû-mukin-apli]] Dynasty of ''E''
| spouse =
| royal house = "Elamite" Dynasty
| father =
| mother =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| buried =}}
'''Mār-bīti-apla-uṣur''', inscribed d[[DUMU (son Sumerogram)|DUMU]]-É-A-PAB on (presumably) contemporary inscriptions on [[Lorestān bronze]] arrowheads or dA-É-AxA-ŠEŠ in the ''[[Dynastic Chronicle]]'' and meaning “O Mar-bīti (a deity associated with [[Der (Sumer)|Dēr]] with a sanctuary in [[Borsippa]]<ref>{{ cite book | title = House Most High: The Temples of Ancient Mesopotamia | author = A. R. George | publisher = Eisenbrauns | year = 1993 | page = 167 }}</ref>), protect the heir,”<ref name=pkb>{{ cite book | title = A Political History of Post-Kassite Babylonia 1158-722 B.C. (AnOr 43) | author = J. A. Brinkman | publisher = Pontifium Institutum Biblicum | year = 1968 | pages = 155, 165–166 }}</ref>{{rp|165}} reigned 984–979 BC and was the sole king of [[Babylon]]’s short-lived 7th or ''Elamite'' Dynasty.<ref group=i>''Babylonian Kinglist A'', BM 33332, iii 14.</ref> According to the ''Synchronistic King List'',<ref group=i>''Synchronistic King List'', Ass 14616c (KAV 216), iii 8 and fragments VAT 11261 (KAV 10), ii 2 + Ass 13956dh (KAV 182), iii 5.</ref> he was a contemporary of [[Assyria]]n king [[Ashur-resh-ishi II|Aššur-reš-iši II]].

==Biography==

The circumstances surrounding the fall of the previous (Bazi) dynasty and his ascendancy are unknown. His name was wholly [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] and he was described as a “remote? descendant of [[Elam]],” šà.bal.bal ˹libir? NIM.˺MA.KI (Akkadian: ''liplippi Elamti Labīru''), in the ''Dynastic Chronicle''.<ref group=i>''Dynastic Chronicle'' (ABC 18), column v lines 13 to 15.</ref> There are no known rulers of Elam bearing Akkadian titles, but his reign coincides with a blank period in Elamite political history. Despite his ancestry, he does not seem to have been regarded as a foreign interloper by later ages. It records that his rule endured for six years and he was buried in the palace of “a legitimate king” or “[[Sargon of Akkad|Sargon]]”, depending on the interpretation of ''ina'' É-GAL LUGAL(-)GI.NA ''qé.bir'', suggesting an interment suitable for a rightful king.<ref name=pkb/>{{rp|155}} The ''[[Eclectic Chronicle]]''<ref group=i>''Eclectic Chronicle'' (ABC 24) tablet BM 27859 line 16.</ref> records the month of Nisānu in his fourth year but the event is not preserved. It may be concerning the suspension of the [[Akitu]] festival due to [[Arameans|Aramean]] incursions, as this is the typical subject of the chronicle.<ref>{{ cite book | title = The Cambridge Ancient History (Volume 3, Part 1) | chapter = Babylonia, c. 1000 – 748 B.C. | author = J. A. Brinkman |editor1=John Boardman |editor2=I. E. S. Edwards |editor3=N. G. L. Hammond |editor4=E. Sollberger | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1982 | page = 297 }}</ref>

Four bronze arrowheads from Lorestān have been recovered inscribed with his name and the royal title ''šar kiššati'', “king of the world.”<ref>{{ cite book | title = Reallexikon Der Assyriologie Und Vorderasiatischen Archãologie: Libanukšbas̆ - Medizin (Vol 7) | chapter = Mār-bīti-apla-uṣur | author = J. A. Brinkman |editor1=Erich Ebeling |editor2=Bruno Meissner |editor3=Dietz Otto Edzard | publisher = Walter De Gruyter | year = 1990 | page = 357 }}</ref> They were held as part of the Foroughi collection in Tehran.

==Inscriptions==

<references group="i"/>

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{Babylonian kings}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mar-biti-apla-usur}}
[[Category:Babylonian kings]]
[[Category:10th-century BC rulers]]

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