Raphael I Bidawid - Revision history

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{{Infobox Patriarch
|image=Raphael I Bidawid.jpg
|name=Raphael I Bidawid
|birth_name= Raphael J. Bidawid
|church=[[Chaldean Catholic Church]]
|see=[[Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Babylon]]
|patriarch_of=[[Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans]]
|residence=[[Iraq]]
|enthroned=May 21, 1989
|ended=July 7, 2003
|predecessor=[[Paul II Cheikho]]
|successor=[[Emmanuel III Delly]]
|birth_date=April 17, 1922
|birth_place=[[Mosul]], [[Iraq]]
|death_date={{BirthDeathAge||1922|4|17|2003|7|7}}
|death_place=[[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]]
|consecration=October 6, 1957
|ordination=October 22, 1944
|consecrated_by=[[Yousef VII Ghanima]]
}}
'''Mar Raphael I Bidawid''' † ({{lang-syr|ܪܘܦܐܝܠ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܒܝܬ ܕܘܝܕ}}, [[Arabic language|Arabic]] مار روفائيل الاول بيداويد)(April 17, 1922 – July 7, 2003) was the Patriarch of the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]] in 1989–2003. He was also a Syriac scholar.

== Life ==

He was born on April 17, 1922 in northern Iraqi city of [[Mosul]] into an ethnic [[Assyrian people|Assyrian]]<ref>Assyrians Mourn the Passing of Patriarch Raphael</ref> family, and took his school and seminar training in Mosul. He was ordained a priest on October 22, 1944 in [[Rome]] and in 1946 he obtained the academic degrees of doctor of philosophy and [[theology]]. Between 1948 and 1956 he worked as a professor of philosophy and theology in Mosul. On October 6, 1957, at the age of 35, he was ordained Bishop of [[Amadiya]], by Patriarch [[Yousef VII Ghanima]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbidawidr.html|title=Archbishop Raphaël I Bidawid|publisher=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|accessdate=2009-05-30}}</ref> As bishop of [[Amadiya]] he experienced the mass exodus of Christians from Northern Iraq. Mar Raphael Bidawid was then appointed bishop of [[Beirut]] in 1966 and served in this capacity for 23 years.

On March 21, 1989 Raphael I Bidawid was elected [[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Patriarch of Babylon]], head of the Chaldean Catholic Church. His election was confirmed by [[Pope John Paul II]] in June 1989. During his Patriarchate, Patriarch Bidawid, in agreement with the Chaldean Synod, established The Pontifical Babel College for Philosophy and Theology in 1991. The Babel College is situated in Baghdad, Dora, El-Mekaniek, next to St. Peter Chaldean Seminary. The Babel College became an instrumental educational institution for the Chaldean Church. <ref>Chaldean Patriarchate of Babylon Pontifical Babel College For Philosophy and Theology http://www.kaldu.org/1_chandean_church/babel_college.htm</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/Vol7No1/HV7N1OBBidawid.html|title=Mar Raphael Bidawid (1922-2003)|publisher=Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies |first=George A.|last= Kiraz| authorlink=George Kiraz|accessdate=2009-05-30}}</ref> Patriarch Bidawid could speak 13 languages. He died in Beirut, Lebanon on July 7, 2003, at the age of 81.

== Pastoral Work ==

Patriarch Bidawid was known as a champion of the unification of the Assyrian Church of the East (formerly the Church of the East) and the Chaldean Catholic Church, which split in 1552 AD. In November 1996 Mar Dinkha IV of the Assyrian Church of the East and Chaldean Patriarch Raphael I Bidawid met in Southfield, Michigan, and signed a Joint Patriarchal Statement that committed their two churches to working towards reintegration and pledged cooperation on pastoral questions such as the drafting of a common catechism, the setting up of a common seminary in the Chicago-Detroit area, the preservation of the Aramaic language, and other common pastoral programs between parishes and dioceses around the world.

On August 15, 1997, the two Patriarchs met again, in Roselle, Illinois, and ratified a “Joint Synodal Decree for Promoting Unity,” that had been signed by the members of both Holy Synods. It restated the areas of pastoral cooperation envisaged in the Joint Patriarchal Statement, recognized that Assyrians and Chaldeans should come to accept each other’s diverse practices as legitimate, formally implemented the establishment of an Assyrian-Chaldean “Joint Commission for Unity,” and declared that each side recognized the apostolic succession, sacraments and Christian witness of the other. The text also spelled out the central concerns of both sides in the dialogue. While both churches wanted to preserve the Aramaic language and culture, the Assyrians were intent on retaining their freedom and self-governance, and the Chaldeans affirmed the necessity of maintaining full communion with Rome. <ref>CNEWA page on The Assyrian Church of the East. http://www.cnewa.org/default.aspx?ID=1&pagetypeID=9&sitecode=HQ&pageno=3</ref>

In an interview with Bidawid, published in 2003, he commented on the [[Assyrian name dispute]] and declared his ethnic point of view:

:“''I personally think that these different names serve to add confusion. The original name of our Church was the ‘Church of the East’ ... When a portion of the Church of the East became Catholic, the name given was ‘Chaldean’ based on the Magi kings who came from the land of the Chaldean, to Bethlehem. The name ‘Chaldean’ does not represent an ethnicity... We have to separate what is ethnicity and what is religion... I myself, my sect is Chaldean, but ethnically, I am Assyrian.''”<ref name="Parpola">{{cite journal | author = Parpola, Simo | year = 2004 | title = National and Ethnic Identity in the Neo-Assyrian Empire and Assyrian Identity in Post-Empire Times | journal = [[Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies]] | volume = Vol. 18
| issue = No. 2 | pages = pp. 22 | publisher = JAAS | url = http://www.jaas.org/edocs/v18n2/Parpola-identity_Article%20-Final.pdf | language = English | format = PDF | authorlink = Simo Parpola }}</ref>

In an interview with the Assyrian Star in the September-October 1974 issue, he was quoted as saying:
:“''Before I became a priest I was an Assyrian, before I became a bishop I was an Assyrian, I am an Assyrian today, tomorrow, forever, and I am proud of it''.''”<ref>Mar Raphael J Bidawid. The Assyrian Star. September-October, 1974:5.</ref>

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Paul II Cheikho]]<br />(1958–1989)}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Patriarch of Babylon <br />of the Chaldean Catholic Church]]|years=1989–2003}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Emmanuel III Delly]]<br /> (2003–2012)}}
{{end}}

== Bibliography ==

* Raphael J. Bidawid, ''Les lettres du patriarche nestorien [[Mar Timothee I|Timothee I]]'', ''Studi e Testi'' 187, Vatican City (1956)

== External links ==
* [http://www.aina.org/releases/marraphael.html Assyrians Mourn the Passing of Patriarch Raphael]
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/baby0.htm GCatholic.org Website]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Bidawid, Raphael I
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Bidawid, Raphael J.
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church
| DATE OF BIRTH = April 17, 1922
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Mosul]]
| DATE OF DEATH = July 7, 2003
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Beirut]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bidawid, Raphael I}}
[[Category:Assyrian people]]
[[Category:Iraqi archbishops]]
[[Category:Eastern Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:Participants in the Second Vatican Council]]
[[Category:1922 births]]
[[Category:2003 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Mosul]]
[[Category:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon]]
[[Category:Iraqi Eastern Catholics]]

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 == External links ==
-* [http://www.aina.org/releases/marraphael.html Assyrians Mourn the Passing of Patriarch Raphael]
 * [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/baby0.htm GCatholic.org Website]

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 }}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Bidawid, Raphael I}}
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 [[Category:Iraqi archbishops]]
 [[Category:Eastern Catholic bishops]]
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 [[Category:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon]]
 [[Category:Iraqi Eastern Catholics]]

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 == Life ==
-He was born on April 17, 1922 in northern Iraqi city of [[Mosul]] into an ethnic [[Assyrian people|Assyrian]]<ref>Assyrians Mourn the Passing of Patriarch Raphael</ref> family, and took his school and seminar training in Mosul. He was ordained a priest on October 22, 1944 in [[Rome]] and in 1946 he obtained the academic degrees of doctor of philosophy and [[theology]]. Between 1948 and 1956 he worked as a professor of philosophy and theology in Mosul. On October 6, 1957, at the age of 35, he was ordained Bishop of [[Amadiya]], by Patriarch [[Yousef VII Ghanima]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbidawidr.html|title=Archbishop Raphaël I Bidawid|publisher=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|accessdate=2009-05-30}}</ref> As bishop of [[Amadiya]] he experienced the mass exodus of Christians from Northern Iraq. Mar Raphael Bidawid was then appointed bishop of [[Beirut]] in 1966 and served in this capacity for 23 years.
+He was born on April 17, 1922 in northern Iraqi city of [[Mosul]] into an ethnic [[Chaldean people|Chaldean]]<ref>Chaldean Mourn the Passing of Patriarch Raphael</ref> family, and took his school and seminar training in Mosul. He was ordained a priest on October 22, 1944 in [[Rome]] and in 1946 he obtained the academic degrees of doctor of philosophy and [[theology]]. Between 1948 and 1956 he worked as a professor of philosophy and theology in Mosul. On October 6, 1957, at the age of 35, he was ordained Bishop of [[Amadiya]], by Patriarch [[Yousef VII Ghanima]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbidawidr.html|title=Archbishop Raphaël I Bidawid|publisher=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|accessdate=2009-05-30}}</ref> As bishop of [[Amadiya]] he experienced the mass exodus of Christians from Northern Iraq. Mar Raphael Bidawid was then appointed bishop of [[Beirut]] in 1966 and served in this capacity for 23 years.
 On March 21, 1989 Raphael I Bidawid was elected [[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Patriarch of Babylon]], head of the Chaldean Catholic Church. His election was confirmed by [[Pope John Paul II]] in June 1989. During his Patriarchate, Patriarch Bidawid, in agreement with the Chaldean Synod, established The Pontifical Babel College for Philosophy and Theology in 1991. The Babel College is situated in Baghdad, Dora, El-Mekaniek, next to St. Peter Chaldean Seminary. The Babel College became an instrumental educational institution for the Chaldean Church. <ref>Chaldean Patriarchate of Babylon Pontifical Babel College For Philosophy and Theology http://www.kaldu.org/1_chandean_church/babel_college.htm</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/Vol7No1/HV7N1OBBidawid.html|title=Mar Raphael Bidawid (1922-2003)|publisher=Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies |first=George A.|last= Kiraz| authorlink=George Kiraz|accessdate=2009-05-30}}</ref> Patriarch Bidawid could speak 13 languages. He died in Beirut, Lebanon on July 7, 2003, at the age of 81.
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 == Pastoral Work ==
-Patriarch Bidawid was known as a champion of the unification of the Assyrian Church of the East (formerly the Church of the East) and the Chaldean Catholic Church, which split in 1552 AD. In November 1996 Mar Dinkha IV of the Assyrian Church of the East and Chaldean Patriarch Raphael I Bidawid met in Southfield, Michigan, and signed a Joint Patriarchal Statement that committed their two churches to working towards reintegration and pledged cooperation on pastoral questions such as the drafting of a common catechism, the setting up of a common seminary in the Chicago-Detroit area, the preservation of the Aramaic language, and other common pastoral programs between parishes and dioceses around the world.
+Patriarch Bidawid was known as a champion of the unification of the Church of the East (formerly the Church of the East) and the Chaldean Catholic Church, which split in 1552 AD. In November 1996 Mar Dinkha IV of the Assyrian Church of the East and Chaldean Patriarch Raphael I Bidawid met in Southfield, Michigan, and signed a Joint Patriarchal Statement that committed their two churches to working towards reintegration and pledged cooperation on pastoral questions such as the drafting of a common catechism, the setting up of a common seminary in the Chicago-Detroit area, the preservation of the Aramaic language, and other common pastoral programs between parishes and dioceses around the world.
-−
-On August 15, 1997, the two Patriarchs met again, in Roselle, Illinois, and ratified a “Joint Synodal Decree for Promoting Unity,” that had been signed by the members of both Holy Synods. It restated the areas of pastoral cooperation envisaged in the Joint Patriarchal Statement, recognized that Assyrians and Chaldeans should come to accept each other’s diverse practices as legitimate, formally implemented the establishment of an Assyrian-Chaldean “Joint Commission for Unity,” and declared that each side recognized the apostolic succession, sacraments and Christian witness of the other. The text also spelled out the central concerns of both sides in the dialogue. While both churches wanted to preserve the Aramaic language and culture, the Assyrians were intent on retaining their freedom and self-governance, and the Chaldeans affirmed the necessity of maintaining full communion with Rome. <ref>CNEWA page on The Assyrian Church of the East. http://www.cnewa.org/default.aspx?ID=1&pagetypeID=9&sitecode=HQ&pageno=3</ref>
 In an interview with Bidawid, published in 2003, he commented on the [[Assyrian name dispute]] and declared his ethnic point of view:
-:“''I personally think that these different names serve to add confusion. The original name of our Church was the ‘Church of the East’ ... When a portion of the Church of the East became Catholic, the name given was ‘Chaldean’ based on the Magi kings who came from the land of the Chaldean, to Bethlehem. The name ‘Chaldean’ does not represent an ethnicity... We have to separate what is ethnicity and what is religion... I myself, my sect is Chaldean, but ethnically, I am Assyrian.''”<ref name="Parpola">{{cite journal | author = Parpola, Simo  | year = 2004  | title = National and Ethnic Identity in the Neo-Assyrian Empire and Assyrian Identity in Post-Empire Times  | journal = [[Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies]]  | volume = Vol. 18
- | issue = No. 2  | pages = pp. 22  | publisher = JAAS  | url = http://www.jaas.org/edocs/v18n2/Parpola-identity_Article%20-Final.pdf  | language = English  | format = PDF  | authorlink = Simo Parpola  }}</ref>
-−
-In an interview with the Assyrian Star in the September-October 1974 issue, he was quoted as saying:
-:“''Before I became a priest I was an Assyrian, before I became a bishop I was an Assyrian, I am an Assyrian today, tomorrow, forever, and I am proud of it''.''”<ref>Mar Raphael J Bidawid. The Assyrian Star. September-October, 1974:5.</ref>
 {{s-start}}

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